Pakistan The designations and the presentation of material on this map, based on UN practice, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Commonwealth Secretariat or the publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. There is no intention to define the status of Jammu and/or Kashmir, which has not yet been agreed on by the parties. KEY FACTS Joined Commonwealth: 1947 (left in 1972, rejoined in 1989) Population: 182,143,000 (2013) GDP p.c. growth: 1.8% p.a. 1990–2013 GNI p.c.: US$1,380 (2013) UN HDI 2014: World ranking 146 Life expectancy: 67 years (2013) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births): 86 (2013) Largest contribution to mortality: Cardiovascular diseases Government health expenditure: 1% of GDP (2012) General information Pakistan lies just north of the Tropic of Cancer, bordering (clockwise from west) Iran, Afghanistan, China and India. The Arabian Sea lies to the south. The country comprises four provinces: (from south to north) Sindh, Balochistan, Punjab and Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa (formerly North-West Frontier Province). The territory adjoining Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa is known as the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and the Pakistani-administered parts of Jammu and Kashmir in the north-east as Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas. Climate: Extreme variations of temperature. The northern mountains are cold, with long and severe winters. Temperatures on the Balochistan plateau are high. Along the coastal strip, the climate is modified by sea breezes. In the rest of the country, the temperature rises steeply in summer. Seasons are: cold season (December–March), hot season (April–June), monsoon season (July–September) and post-monsoon season (October–November). Rainfall varies from 760–1,270 mm in the Himalayan foothills to 210 mm in Balochistan. Environment: The most significant issues are soil erosion, deforestation, desertification, and water pollution with untreated sewage and industrial waste, and through the use of commercial pesticides. Population: 182,143,000 (2013); density varies from more than 230 people per sq km in Punjab to 13 in Balochistan. Some 38 per cent of people live in urban areas and 21 per cent in urban agglomerations of more than a million people. The population growth rate stood at 2.1 per cent p.a. between the years of 1990 and 2013. In 2012 the birth rate was 25 per 1,000 people (43 in 1970) and life expectancy was 67 years (54 in 1970). The population comprises Punjabis (44 per cent), Pashtuns (15 per cent), Sindhis (14 per cent), Saraikis (11 per cent), Muhajirs (7.6 per cent), Balochis (3.6 per cent) and other smaller groups, including tribal groups in the more remote northern areas. Economy: Pakistan is classified as a lower-middle-income economy by the World Bank. Health Child and maternal health: Infant mortality in Pakistan was 69 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2013, with an under-five mortality rate of 86 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2013. There has been a consistent decline in the under-five mortality rate since 1990. Although this decline is encouraging, the under-five mortality rate is not yet in line with the country’s target of 46 deaths per 1,000 live births, as defined by Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4). In 2010 the three most prominent causes of death for children below the age of five years were prematurity (19 per cent), acute respiratory infections (17 per cent) and intrapartum-related complications (13 per cent). Other contributory causes were diarrhoea (11 per cent), neonatal sepsis (ten per cent), injuries (seven per cent), congenital anomalies (five per cent) and measles (one per cent). In 2013 Pakistan had an adjusted maternal mortality ratio of 170 deaths per 100,000 live births (this figure was estimated at 260 deaths per 100,000 by UN agencies/World Bank in 2010). Burden of disease: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Pakistan accounted for an estimated 51 per cent of all mortality in 2012. The most prevalent NCDs in Pakistan are cardiovascular diseases, which accounted for 19 per cent of total deaths across all 234 Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
To see the actual publication please follow the link above