Communicable diseases along with maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions in Cameroon accounted for an estimated 63 per cent majority of all mortality in 2008. The prevalence of HIV in Cameroon, as a percentage of the population aged 15-49 years, stood at 4.5 per cent in 2012, which is almost five times as much as the prevalence level in 1990. In 2009 there were 1,883,199 reported cases of malaria, a significant increase from 313,083 in 2007. However, confirmed deaths caused by malaria have almost halved in the period 2008-11. Estimated incidences of tuberculosis (TB) almost doubled overall in the period 1990-2012, although rates have declined significantly since 2002.
Meanwhile, estimated mortality from TB (when data excludes cases co-morbid with HIV) increased by approximately one-third in the period 1990-2012. In 2009 there were a reported 804 cases of cholera and 251 of measles. In 2010 there were 835 and 532 reported cases of meningitis and leprosy, respectively.
