C ommo nwe a l t h memb e r c o u n t r i e s The most commonly diagnosed mental illnesses in Cyprus are depression, personality disorders and anxiety. Mental health conditions relating to psychoactive substance misuse are also a serious health problem. Health systems: In 2012 government expenditure on health was 3.2 per cent of GDP, equivalent to US$841 per capita. In the most recent survey, conducted between 1997 and 2011, there were 229 doctors, and 446 nurses and midwives per 100,000 people. There is universal maternal health care in Cyprus (in 2011 qualified health attendants were present at 97 per cent of births) and, in 2013, 86 per cent of one-year-olds were immunised with one dose of measles. As surveyed in 2012, 100 per cent of Cypriots had access to improved water sources and adequate sanitation facilities. In a survey conducted in the period 2000–10, there were 21 pharmaceutical personnel per 100,000 people. Health care in Cyprus is delivered through a combination of public and private services. The Ministry of Health is responsible for the organisation of the health care system in Cyprus and the provision of state-financed health care services to roughly 65 per cent of the population, including Turkish Cypriots inhabiting the occupied area of the country. The private health sector is well developed. It is common for Cypriots to seek complimentary medical care as well as private health insurance in order to create more personalised treatment. There are four main general hospitals in the public sector, with Nicosia General Hospital acting as the overall referral hospital for specialties not provided elsewhere in Cyprus. There are also three small rural hospitals, a mental health hospital and a hospital specialising in women and children. There are a variety of private hospitals and medical clinics throughout the country. As with its health care system, the pharmaceutical market in Cyprus is divided into public and private sectors, operating independently at all levels to supply prescription and over-thecounter products. The public sector is funded by Government Medical Services with a limited number of products available only through hospital pharmacies. The private sector is dominated by large international pharmaceutical firms. The most recent act relating to mental health in Cyprus is the 1997 Mental Health Law, amended in 2003 and 2007. Main health concerns and plans for remedial action: Cyprus currently has a life expectancy of 80 years, showing a sustained increase from 76 years in 1990 and 78 years in 2000. Gains have been primarily due to reduced child and maternal mortality, and Under-five mortality 12 10 8 6 4 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Under-five mortality per 1,000 live births 82 80 78 76 166 Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015 2 Life expectancy 1980 1990 2000 2013 Life expectancy Life expectancy in years 74 Mortality by cause of death (% of all deaths), 2012 Communicable diseases, Injuries maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions Non-communicable diseases Tuberculosis: Incidence and mortality 1990 2000 2010 Mortality excluding cases comorbid with HIV (per100,000 people) Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) – including cases comorbid with HIV 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
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