C ommo nwe a l t h memb e r c o u n t r i e s Communicable diseases along with maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions accounted for an estimated 12 per cent of all mortality in Fiji in 2012. In 2012 Fiji’s HIV prevalence stood at 0.1 per cent; the figure has remained roughly at this level in the period 1990–2012. The country is free from malaria. Estimated incidence of tuberculosis (TB) fell by roughly a quarter in the period 1990–2013, but estimated mortality (when mortality data excludes cases comorbid with HIV) has increased significantly in that time. There is a lack of information concerning the frequency of common diagnoses of mental illness in Fiji. Health systems: In 2012 government expenditure on health was 2.6 per cent of GDP, equivalent to US$115 per capita. In the most recent survey, conducted between 1997 and 2010, there were 43 doctors, and 224 nurses and midwives per 100,000 people. Additionally, in the period 2007–10, 100 per cent of births were attended by qualified health staff and, in 2013, 94 per cent of oneyear olds were immunised with one dose of measles. In 2011, 96 per cent of the population had access to an improved water source and 87 per cent were using adequate sanitation facilities. The most recent survey, conducted in the period 2000–11, reported that Fiji has nine pharmaceutical personnel per 100,000 people. The Fijian government provides free health care to all citizens through its three area hospitals, three divisional hospitals, 76 health centres, 900 village clinics, 19 subdvisional health centres, 124 nursing stations and three specialty hospitals, including a psychiatric hospital. There is also a privately run hospital in Suva. Fiji has one pharmaceutical manufacturer, which runs a research and development facility for anticancer, steroid and retinoid medicines in the city of Nadi. All other medicines are imported and sold via one of Fiji’s pharmaceutical wholesalers. The Fiji Intellectual Property Office upholds patents. The most recent act relating to mental health in Fiji is the Mental Treatment Act 1978. A new Mental Health Decree was endorsed by the Cabinet in 2010. Health MDGs: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) mature in 2015, but monitoring of progress is ongoing due to the time it takes to collect and analyse data from each country. For Fiji to achieve its targets for the reduction of child mortality, which form MDG 4, Fiji would have to have reduced under-five deaths per 1,000 live births to ten and increased measles immunisation to 100 per cent when the 2015 data is analysed. In 2013 under-five mortality stood at 24 deaths per 1,000 live births Under-five mortality 30 25 20 15 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Under-five mortality per 1,000 live births 2015 MDG 4 target 75 70 65 172 Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015 10 Life expectancy 1980 1990 2000 2013 Life expectancy Life expectancy in years 60 Mortality by cause of death (% of all deaths), 2012 Communicable diseases, Injuries maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions Non-communicable diseases Tuberculosis: Incidence and mortality 1990 2000 2010 Mortality excluding cases comorbid with HIV (per100,000 people) Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) – including cases comorbid with HIV 100 80 60 40 20 0
Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
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