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Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015

C ommo nwe a l t h memb e r c o u n t r i e s decreasing slightly in 2010–12. During the same time estimated mortality (when mortality data excludes cases comorbid with HIV) from the disease saw a slight overall decrease. The most commonly diagnosed mental health illnesses in Trinidad and Tobago are schizophrenia and mood disorders. Health systems: In the most recent survey, conducted between 1997 and 2010, there were 118 doctors, and 356 nurses and midwives per 100,000 people. Additionally, in 2012, 100 per cent of births were attended by qualified health staff and in 2013, 91 per cent of one-year-olds were immunised with one dose of measles. In 2010, 94 per cent of people were using an improved drinking water source and in 2012, 92 per cent had access to adequate sanitation facilities. The most recent survey, conducted in the period 2000–11, reports that Trinidad and Tobago has 49 pharmaceutical personnel per 100,000 people. Trinidad and Tobago has three general hospitals, two district hospitals, four specialist hospitals and more than 100 health centres. The private health sector is smaller and includes a variety of private health care providers, including physicians, dentists, pharmacists and opticians. All private hospitals are required to apply for a licence to operate. There are various distribution and retail pharmaceutical operations in the country. The most recent legislative action relating to mental health in Trinidad and Tobago is the Mental Health Act Amendment 1999. Health MDGs: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) mature in 2015, but monitoring of progress is ongoing due to the time it takes to collect and analyse data from each country. For Trinidad and Tobago to achieve its targets for the reduction of child mortality, which form MDG 4, Trinidad and Tobago should have reduced under-five deaths per 1,000 live births to ten and increased measles immunisation to 100 per cent when the 2015 data is analysed. In 2013 under-five mortality stood at 21 deaths per 1,000 live births and measles immunisation at 91 per cent. While the under-five mortality rate shows an improvement from 2011, when it stood at 25 deaths per 1,000 live births, the rate of measles immunisation decreased in this time period, from 92 per cent. There has also been an overall increase in infant mortality from 16 per 1,000 live births in 2008 to 18 in 2013. Consequently, Trinidad and Tobago is unlikely to achieve MDG 4. The global MDG 5 target for maternal health is to reduce the number of women who die in pregnancy and childbirth by three- Under-five mortality 35 30 25 20 15 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Under-five mortality per 1,000 live births 2015 MDG 4 target 80 70 280 Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015 10 Life expectancy and HIV/AIDS 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 1980 1990 2000 2013 Prevalence of HIV/AIDS among those aged 15–49 Life expectancy Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population aged 15-49) Life expectancy in years 60 0.0 Mortality by cause of death (% of all deaths), 2012 Communicable diseases, Injuries maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions Non-communicable diseases Tuberculosis: Incidence and mortality 1990 2000 2010 Mortality excluding cases comorbid with HIV (per100,000 people) Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people) – including cases comorbid with HIV 25 20 15 10 5 0


Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
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