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U n i v e r s a l h e a l t h c o v e r a g e a n d c ommu n i c a b l e d i s e a s e s 3 See NHS England, guidance on the reporting and monitoring arrangements and post-infection review process for MRSA bloodstream infections from April 2014: www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/mrsa-pirguid april14.pdf; and NHS Choices, Clostridium difficle – Causes 2014: www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Clostridiumdifficile/ Pages/Causes.aspx All accessed 12 April 2015. 4 World Health Organization 2015, universal health coverage: www.who.int/universal_health_coverage/en/ Accessed 12 April 2015. 5 World Health Assembly on Antimicrobial resistance, 2014: http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA67/A67_R25-en.pdf Accessed 12 April 2015. 6 World Health Organization 2014, Informal Member States Consultation on development of a Global Action Plan (GAP) for tacking antimicrobial resistance: www.who.int/drug resistance/memberstatemeeting/en/ Accessed 12 April 2015. References Adam, H. J., Baxter, M. R., Davidson, R. J. et al., 2013. ‘Comparison of pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in paediatric, adult and elderly patients in Canadian hospitals’. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 68 (Suppl. 1), pp. 31–37. Christensen, K., Doblhammer, G., Rau, R. and Vaupel, J. W., 2009. ‘Ageing populations: The challenges ahead’. The Lancet, 374 (9696), pp. 1196–1208. Marengoni, A., Angleman, S., Melis, R. et al., 2011. ‘Aging with multimorbidity: A systematic review of the literature’. Ageing Research Reviews, 10 (4), pp. 430–439. Miller, L. G., Quan, C., Shay, A. et al., 2007. ‘A prospective investigation of outcomes after hospital discharge for endemic, community-acquired methicillin-resistant and -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus skin infection’. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 44 (4), pp. 483–492. Shrivastava, S. R., Shrivastava, P. S. and Ramasamy, J., 2013. ‘Health-care of elderly: Determinants, needs and services’. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4 (10), pp. 1224–1225. 50 Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015 PROFESSOR DAME SALLY C. DAVIES is the Chief Medical Officer for England. She retains responsibility for research and development and is the chief scientific adviser for the Department of Health. Davies is an independent advisor to the UK government on all medical matters, with particular responsibilities regarding public health. She provides professional leadership for directors of public health across England. Her interest in public health includes an active call for action on antimicrobial resistance. Davies has been actively involved in NHS Research and Development from its establishment and founded the National Institute for Health Research. Her own research interests focused on sickle cell disease. DR LAURA SHALLCROSS is a clinical lecturer in epidemiology and public health based in the research department of Infection and Population Health at University College London. Her research interests include infectious disease epidemiology and, specifically, antimicrobial resistance. She is editor of the Chief Medical Officer’s forthcoming annual surveillance report on infections.


Commonwealth Health Partnerships 2015
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